James City County police charged a couple with allowing a child access to firearms after investigating how the child brought the handgun in a backpack to Williamsburg Christian Academy and a martial arts center last week.
A police statement said the man and woman were not being identified to protect the identity of the child, who is a juvenile.
The adults, a man and a woman, were charged with allowing access to firearms by a minor, a Class 2 misdemeanor under Virginia law.